HoK token for accessing vRO via REST call [powershell]

[Grzesiekk]

Hello,

i am having difficulties sending REST query to vRO , (8.1) . On the

/vco/api/docs/index.html#!/workflow45controller/getAllWorkflowsUsingGET

it is written that:

Single Sign-On Authentication

If Orchestrator is configured with the vCenter Single Sign-On (SSO) server, you need a principal holder-of-key (HoK) token to access system objects in Orchestrator through the REST API.

The HoK token is passed as a request Authorization header element. The value must be gzip, base64
encoded string.

So in my understanding i should add the Authorization header:

    $header = @{'Content-Type'= 'application/json';'Authorization' = $encodedANDgzippedtoken }

    Invoke-WebRequest -Uri 'https://vro816.greg.labs:443/vco/api/org/{id}/workflows?maxResult=3&queryCount=false' -Headers $header

So  i have obtained the HoK token utilizing for this moment SDK examples :

Function ConvertTo-GZipString () {

    [CmdletBinding()]

    Param(

      [Parameter(Mandatory=$True,ValueFromPipeline=$True,ValueFromPipelinebyPropertyName=$True)]

      $String

    )

     Process {

      $String | ForEach-Object {

        $ms = New-Object System.IO.MemoryStream

        $cs = New-Object System.IO.Compression.GZipStream($ms, [System.IO.Compression.CompressionMode]::Compress)

        $sw = New-Object System.IO.StreamWriter($cs)

        $sw.Write($_)

        $sw.Close()

        [System.Convert]::ToBase64String($ms.ToArray())

      }

    }

    }

    Add-Type -Path 'd:\sdk67\VMware-vSphere-SDK-6.7.0-14379537\SDK\ssoclient\dotnet\cs\samples\VMware.Binding.WsTrust\bin\Debug\VMware.Binding.WsTrust.dll'

    Add-Type -Path 'd:\sdk67\VMware-vSphere-SDK-6.7.0-14379537\SDK\ssoclient\dotnet\cs\samples\VMware.Binding.WsTrust\bin\Debug\STSService.dll'

    $certificatetobeadded = New-Object System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate2

    $certificatetobeadded.Import('c:\vro\greg\greg3.pfx','greg3',[System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509KeyStorageFlags]::MachineKeySet)

        [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [System.Net.SecurityProtocolType]::Tls11 -bor [System.Net.SecurityProtocolType]::Tls12;

        [VMware.Binding.WsTrust.SamlTokenHelper]::SetupServerCertificateValidation()

        $signingCertificate = New-Object System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate2

        $signingCertificate.Import('c:\vro\greg\greg3.pfx','greg3',[System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509KeyStorageFlags]::MachineKeySet)

        $service = [VMware.Binding.WsTrust.SamlTokenHelper]::GetSTSService('https://vc001.greg.labs:7444/sts/STSService','administrator@vsphere.local','VMware1!',$signingCertif...)

        $token = [VMware.Binding.WsTrust.SamlTokenHelper]::GetHokRequestSecurityTokenType()

        $token.SignatureAlgorithm = [vmware.sso.SignatureAlgorithmEnum]::httpwwww3org200104xmldsigmorersasha256

        $response = $service.Issue($token)

        $responsetoken =  $response.RequestSecurityTokenResponse.RequestedSecurityToken

        #This part has to be gziped and into base64

        $responsetokenInsideXML = $responsetoken.InnerXml -replace "\r?\n"

        $encodedANDgzippedtoken = ConvertTo-GZipString -String $responsetokenInsideXML

        $header = @{'Content-Type'= 'application/json';'Authorization' = $encodedANDgzippedtoken }

        Invoke-WebRequest -Uri 'https://vro816.greg.labs:443/vco/api/org/{id}/workflows?maxResult=3&queryCount=false' -Headers $header

    and i end up with bad request

PS C:\Users\Grzesiek>     Invoke-WebRequest -Uri 'https://vro816.greg.labs:443/vco/api/org/{id}/workflows?maxResult=3&queryCount=false' -Headers $header

Invoke-WebRequest : Created with Sketch.

401

Unauthorized

At line:1 char:5

+     Invoke-WebRequest -Uri 'https://vro816.greg.labs:443/vco/api/org/ ...

its the same if i would use curl, same 500 response.

my response token is:

PS C:\Users\Grzesiek> $responsetoken

saml2              : urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:assertion

xsd                : http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema

xsi                : http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance

ID                 : _1e9be9d7-4373-42e8-aedd-06ec641ab139

IssueInstant       : 2020-04-24T15:43:04.350Z

Version            : 2.0

Issuer             : Issuer

Signature          : Signature

Subject            : Subject

Conditions         : Conditions

AuthnStatement     : AuthnStatement

AttributeStatement : AttributeStatement

i am doing on it the innerxml to get its only content: so it will lose the <assertion/>

<saml2:Assertion xmlns:saml2="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:assertion" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" ID="_1e9be9d7-4373-42e8-aedd-06ec641ab139" IssueInstant="2020-04-24T15:43:04.350Z" Version="2.0">

this is how one person wrote in 2015 on communities:

vco REST API Holder of key Authirization

---

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t+fe678HboyQdsQ9+P6FVZtJFjFRBeJHlVM=</ds:X509Certificate></ds:X509Data></ds:KeyInfo></saml2:SubjectConfirmationData></saml2:SubjectConfirmation></saml2:Subject><saml2:Conditions NotBefore="2020-04-24T15:43:03.099Z" NotOnOrAfter="2020-04-24T16:53:13.099Z" xmlns:saml2="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:assertion"><saml2:ProxyRestriction Count="10" /><saml2:Condition xmlns:rsa="http://www.rsa.com/names/2009/12/std-ext/SAML2.0" Count="10" xsi:type="rsa:RenewRestrictionType" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" /></saml2:Conditions><saml2:AuthnStatement AuthnInstant="2020-04-24T15:43:04.348Z" xmlns:saml2="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:assertion"><saml2:AuthnContext><saml2:AuthnContextClassRef>urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:ac:classes:PasswordProtectedTransport</saml2:AuthnContextClassRef></saml2:AuthnContext></saml2:AuthnStatement><saml2:AttributeStatement xmlns:saml2="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:assertion"><saml2:Attribute FriendlyName="Groups" Name="http://rsa.com/schemas/attr-names/2009/01/GroupIdentity" NameFormat="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:attrname-format:uri"><saml2:AttributeValue xsi:type="xsd:string" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">vsphere.local\Users</saml2:AttributeValue><saml2:AttributeValue xsi:type="xsd:string" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">vsphere.local\Administrators</saml2:AttributeValue><saml2:AttributeValue xsi:type="xsd:string" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">vsphere.local\CAAdmins</saml2:AttributeValue><saml2:AttributeValue xsi:type="xsd:string" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">vsphere.local\ComponentManager.Administrators</saml2:AttributeValue><saml2:AttributeValue xsi:type="xsd:string" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">vsphere.local\SystemConfiguration.BashShellAdministrators</saml2:AttributeValue><saml2:AttributeValue xsi:type="xsd:string" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">vsphere.local\SystemConfiguration.Administrators</saml2:AttributeValue><saml2:AttributeValue xsi:type="xsd:string" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">vsphere.local\LicenseService.Administrators</saml2:AttributeValue><saml2:AttributeValue xsi:type="xsd:string" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">vsphere.local\Everyone</saml2:AttributeValue></saml2:Attribute><saml2:Attribute FriendlyName="givenName" Name="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/05/identity/claims/givenname" NameFormat="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:attrname-format:uri"><saml2:AttributeValue xsi:type="xsd:string" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">Administrator</saml2:AttributeValue></saml2:Attribute><saml2:Attribute FriendlyName="surname" Name="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/05/identity/claims/surname" NameFormat="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:attrname-format:uri"><saml2:AttributeValue xsi:type="xsd:string" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">vsphere.local</saml2:AttributeValue></saml2:Attribute><saml2:Attribute FriendlyName="Subject Type" Name="http://vmware.com/schemas/attr-names/2011/07/isSolution" NameFormat="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:attrname-format:uri"><saml2:AttributeValue xsi:type="xsd:string" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">false</saml2:AttributeValue></saml2:Attribute></saml2:AttributeStatement>

in that post he wrote :

"

Here's a snippet of perl code I use. I take everything between <saml2:Assertion> and </saml2:Assertion>, not including those tags and call that $token.

Then I:

gzip \$token => \$gzipped;

$encoded = encode_base64($gzipped);

$encoded =~ s/\n//g;

$restClient->addHeader('Authorization',   'SIGN token="' . $encoded . '", nonce="' . $nonce . '", signature_alg="RSA-SHA256",' . ' signature="' . $sig . '"');

"

so thats why i have removed this assertion  as well.

I did tests with , and without . Still the same result. Also same result if i would be removing new lines or not.

Can anybody point me in right direction ?

I also did a version like the person mentioned in his post:

not sure if thats how its supposed to be , if it is not outdated , person wrote this in 2015.

$response = $service.Issue($token)

$responsetoken =  $response.RequestSecurityTokenResponse.RequestedSecurityToken

#This part has to be gziped and into base64

#$responsetokenInsideXML = $responsetoken.InnerXml

$responsetokenInsideXML = $responsetoken.InnerXml -replace "\r?\n"

$sig = $responsetoken.Signature.SignatureValue.Replace("`n","")

$encodedANDgzipped = ConvertTo-GZipString -String $responsetokenInsideXML

$nonce =  '143210500:asdfsd'

#$restClient->addHeader('Authorization',   'SIGN token="' . $encoded . '", nonce="' . $nonce . '", signature_alg="RSA-SHA256",' . ' signature="' . $sig . '"');

$headervalue = 'SIGN token="{0}", nonce="{1}", signature_alg="RSA-SHA256", signature="{2}" ' -f $encodedANDgzipped,$nonce,$sig

$header = @{'Authorization' = $headervalue}

Invoke-WebRequest -Uri 'https://vro816.greg.labs:443/vco/api/org/{id}/workflows?maxResult=3&queryCount=false' -Headers $header

but this is also failing. as you can see i have used his format for the Authorization headers SIGN token, nonce, sig alg, sig.

I am really out of ideas.

When i read literally the documentation on the vro page, it does not mention to do any sign token, sig, etc ..

it is written, paste the gzipped/base64 HoK. So if i am on the same page, if the HoK is just XML that i pasted, i have to gzip it/base64, and then put this into the Authorization header, then what am i doing wrong  ?

Any ideas ?

Thank you all in advance for any hints.

[Grzesiekk · Accepted solution]

Tiny update,

  i have received this description from support, correct form for Authorization header is :

Description:
-------
token              REQUIRED. The SAML2 token identifying the caller. The value is calculated as BASE64(GZIP(SAML2)).

nonce              REQUIRED. A unique string generated by the client allowing the server to identify replay attacks and reject such requests.
  The strings must be unique across all requests of a single client. The definition is as specified in Section 3.1
  of draft-ietf-oauth-v2-http-mac (http://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-ietf-oauth-v2-http-mac-00.txt) with one difference - the first component should be the current time expressed in
  the number of milliseconds since January 1, 1970 00:00:00 GMT with no leading zeros.

bodyhash           OPTIONAL. A hash value computed as described in Section 3.2 of draft-ietf-oauth-v2-http-mac (http://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-ietf-oauth-v2-http-mac-00.txt) over the entire HTTP request
  entity body (as defined in Section 7.2 of RFC 2616(http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616.txt)). Note that the body hash may be missing only if there is no
  request body, i.e. empty body. Otherwise it is required.

signature_alg      REQUIRED. The signature algorithm used by the client to sign the request - "RSA-SHA256", "RSA-SHA384" and "RSA-SHA512"

signature          REQUIRED. A message signature calculated over the normalized request as
  BASE64(signature-algorithm(private key, request)). The request normalization is done
  as defined in Section 3.3.1 of draft-ietf-oauth-v2-http-mac (http://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-ietf-oauth-v2-http-mac-00.txt) with two exception - (a) the body hash is included without
  BASE64 applied and (b) no "ext" field is appended. All text based fields in the normalized request
  are encoded in UTF-8.

There shouldn't be done any modification to the new lines , (in regards to the initial post where i was wondering if we have to get rid of \n). The token has to be passed entirely, including <saml2:Assertion>  tag. (this is what i was told by vmware support, so its bit different than in the post from 2015 on communities)

Will be working now on getting the signature bits.

[Grzesiekk]

Update, i have completed the call, works 100%  i will rewrite the code to make it more pretty, and share later on.

[Grzesiekk]

https://grzegorzkulikowski.info/2020/05/20/vrealize-orchestrator-rest-request-using-hok-token/

[HuiLuo]

Hi,

I am new to the vRO, and trying to acquiring the HoK token to access vRO via rest api call. I checked your code on github, still could not know how to use it. Could you please tell me where I can found related info? and do I need to download vSphere sdk and vRO sdk both? Thank you so much!

[sundaranandhan]

Thank you ! for sharing this post. Excellent work ! I couldn't find any other documentation or any other forum posts on this topic.  I was able to get this working after some struggle.