You can check vmx configuration file and search for the keyword "autoconnect". You might find something similar to this.
usb_xhci.autoConnect.device0 = "path:1/1/1 autoclean:1"
You might see more than one assuming the fingerprint reader is built-in to a laptop with a webcam.
You could try removing the autoConnect settings from the vmx file by putting a # in front of those lines.
If you want to be specific of the device path you can check vmware.log file when it does the autoconnect.
If the goal is to get the fingerprint reader to work inside the Windows 10 VM, you could try changing the virtual USB controller to 2.0 or 1.1 (presumably the failure to connect could be because it is set to USB 3.0 and not compatible with the reader). You might have to download and install the driver from the laptop vendor.