You should be able to get to Terminal with Ctrl-Alt-T keyboard shortcut. You could also try removing and re-adding the USB controller in the VM settings.
What is the output of lsusb -tv ? This is an output of an Ubuntu 22.04 VM. This VM has a virtual USB 3.1 controller.
/: Bus 04.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/4p, 10000M
ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
|__ Port 4: Dev 2, If 0, Class=Mass Storage, Driver=usb-storage, 5000M
ID 0e0f:0005 VMware, Inc. Virtual Mass Storage
/: Bus 03.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/4p, 480M
ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
|__ Port 1: Dev 2, If 0, Class=Human Interface Device, Driver=usbhid, 12M
ID 0e0f:0003 VMware, Inc. Virtual Mouse
|__ Port 3: Dev 3, If 0, Class=Hub, Driver=hub/7p, 12M
ID 0e0f:0002 VMware, Inc. Virtual USB Hub
|__ Port 4: Dev 4, If 0, Class=Hub, Driver=hub/7p, 480M
ID 0e0f:0002 VMware, Inc. Virtual USB Hub
/: Bus 02.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=uhci_hcd/2p, 12M
ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
/: Bus 01.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=ehci-pci/6p, 480M
ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
