Could you tell me if you use Oracle Database ? because in my case with windows 2012, I observe this file : vCenterServer\cfg\vmware-vpx\vcdb.properties that contains url = jdbc:oracle:thin:@//IP_SERVER:1521/INSTANCE_NAME and generate your error.
During the installation, when the file is created and when the install try to start the service change like this : url = jdbc:oracle:thin:@IP_SERVER:1521:INSTANCE_NAME
