Most answers are here on the VCTA-DCV page: https://www.vmware.com/learning/certification/vcta-dcv.html

1. It is recommended but not a hard requirement - how you learn what is needed to pass the exam is up to you.

2. As per the VCTA-DCV page, the Core Technical Skills training requires a Premium or Enterprise subscription.

3. Answered via points 1 and 2 combined - you need a Premium or Enterprise subscription if you decide you want to take the Core Technical Skills training, otherwise you won't.

4. VMware offer remote proctoring for exams such as those for the VCTA.

5. Yes, Kazakhstan is not on the list of prohibited countries.