This is a known problem of 15.5.6 when running on a system with kernel 5.8 or newer, IIRC a bug in /proc/version parser. You can use one of the workarounds mentioned in

https://communities.vmware.com/t5/VMware-Workstation-Pro/Linux-5-8-host-support-like-VirtualBox-this...

but you would also need to patch the modules for Workstation 15.5.6 or 15.5.7 to actually work on such system. Another option is an upgrade to 16.1.0 which should work OK with anything up to 5.11-rc4. As the 15.5.x series is apparently out of support already, it doesn't seem likely that VMware will ever fix this.