I'll add my own fix to this.

It appears that either a Windows update, a Chrome update, (or both) caused the original issue.

A full restore of the host to a date prior to the Windows update was performed. The system was booted, VMware Tools, VMware agents and Chrome uninstalled.

Then we performed a manual update of Windows patches, and a reinstallation of Chrome, VMware Tools and Agents and everything returned to a normal state.