We were able to find a workaround with following article:
https://kb.vmware.com/s/article/1017348#:~:text=To%20resolve%20this%20issue%2C%20ensure,Port%20Group...

1. Connect directly to the ESX host web GUI where the VM is running
2. Turn off the VM
3. Open the settings
4. Remove "Connect At Power On" from the NIC
5. Temporarly change the portgroup/vlan to a different one
6. Save the settings
7. Open the settings and set the MAC Address settings to manual and change the MAC Address to the desired one
8. Save the settings
9. Open the settings and change the portgroup/vlan back to the original one
10. Save the settings
11. Open the settings and add "Connect At Power On" again
12. Save and try to start the VM

We opened a case and are trying to get a bug fix.