Host: openSUSE 13.2
Virtual Machine: Windows 10 on VMware Workstation 12 Player
iPhone SE, iOS 10
iPhone cannot be detected by the virtual machine.
USB is set to 2.0 mode, and "Show all USB input devices" enabled.
But still cannot be detected.
I know this is a little late, but this worked for me with Workstation Pro 12.5.8:
If iTunes doesn't recognize your iPhone, iPad, or iPod - Apple Support