This can be done using the following command:
start /wait C:\VMware-VIMSetup-en-5.0.0\vSphere-Client\VMware-viclient.exe /s /w /L1033 /v" /qr"
You will need to adjust the location and the version of the client in the address but the rest of the command will perform a silent install. If you are running this on a virtual machine you can use the invoke-vmscript command with the following code:
$script = 'start /wait C:\VMware-VIMSetup-en-5.0.0\vSphere-Client\VMware-viclient.exe /s /w /L1033 /v" /qr"'
Invoke-VMscript -vm <target_VM> -guestusername <guestuser> -guestpassword <password> -scripttext $script
hope this helps
Senior Product Manager - Distributed Resource Management | @vBrianGraf