Afaik there is no such field.
The Patch information holds the date the patch was released and when it was last updated.
But no sign of an installation date.
With the esxcli vib command you can see the current component version and instal date, but it does not give you historical information.
You could look in the /var/log/esxupdate but I'm not sure if that contains all the information you are looking for.