Yes it can be done by using the Get-View cmdlet to get at the SDK objects.
This script shows you some CPU related values.
You can have a look at the HostHardwareInfo object to see the other properties.
$esx = Get-View (Get-VMHost -Name <ESX-hostname>).ID
Write-Host "# of CPUs" $esx.Hardware.CpuInfo.NumCpuPackages
Write-Host "# cores per CPU" $esx.Hardware.CpuInfo.NumCpuCores
Write-Host "Hz" $esx.Hardware.CpuInfo.Hz