Create a PowerCLI script to create a local User account on each Host in vCenter

[BKleiman72]

Hi Guys,

I know this has been posted several times on here but I can't find the correct script for my application.

I am setting up Solarwinds in my environment and it requires a local account with Read-Only access on each of the ESXi hosts. I am currently running ESXi 6.0U3a on all of my hosts.

What I need is for the script to pull all of the hosts out of vCenter and add local account SOLSNMP and place it in the Read-only "Role"

Thanks for any help

BobK

[LucD]

Have a look at Re: Need Help in creating  admin user on multiple esxi in vCenter with equivalent permission of root...

You will need to update the username and the role

[BKleiman72]

Here is what I tried based on the other script and the errors I am getting.

$rootUser = 'root'

$rootPswd = '*****'

$userName = 'SOLSNMP'

$esxName = 'pcoesxvm02.sgsolutions.local'

$esx = Get-VMHost -Name $esxName

Connect-VIServer -Server $esx.Name -User $rootUser -Password $rootPswd > $null

Try{

    $user = Get-VMHostAccount -User $userName -Server $esx.Name -ErrorAction Stop

}

Catch{

    $user = New-VMHostAccount -Id $userName -Password $pswd -GrantShellAccess -Server $esx.Name

}

$perm = Get-VIPermission -Principal $userName -Server $esx.Name

if(!$perm){

    $root = Get-Folder -Name root -Server $esx.Name

    New-VIPermission -Entity $root -Principal $userName -Role Read-only -Server $esx.Name

}

>>

New-VMHostAccount : Cannot bind argument to parameter 'Password' because it is

null.

At line:5 char:55

+     $user = New-VMHostAccount -Id $userName -Password $pswd

-GrantShellAccess -S ...

+                                                       ~~~~~

    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidData: (:) [New-VMHostAccount], ParameterB

   indingValidationException

    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : ParameterArgumentValidationErrorNullNotAllowed,V

   Mware.VimAutomation.ViCore.Cmdlets.Commands.Host.NewVMHostAccount

PowerCLI C:\> $perm = Get-VIPermission -Principal $userName -Server $esx.Name

Get-VIPermission : 9/19/2017 3:40:56 PM    Get-VIPermission        Could not

find VIAccount with name 'SOLSNMP'.

At line:1 char:9

+ $perm = Get-VIPermission -Principal $userName -Server $esx.Name

+         ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

    + CategoryInfo          : ObjectNotFound: (SOLSNMP:String) [Get-VIPermissi

   on], VimException

    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : Core_ObnSelector_SelectObjectByNameCore_ObjectNo

   tFound,VMware.VimAutomation.ViCore.Cmdlets.Commands.PermissionManagement.G

  etVIPermission

Get-VIPermission : 9/19/2017 3:40:56 PM    Get-VIPermission        VIAccount

parameter: Could not find any of the objects specified by name.

At line:1 char:9

+ $perm = Get-VIPermission -Principal $userName -Server $esx.Name

+         ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

    + CategoryInfo          : ObjectNotFound: (VMware.VimAutom...unt[] Princip

   al:RuntimePropertyInfo) [Get-VIPermission], ObnRecordProcessingFailedExcep

  tion

    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : Core_ObnSelector_SetNewParameterValue_ObjectNotF

   oundCritical,VMware.VimAutomation.ViCore.Cmdlets.Commands.PermissionManage

  ment.GetVIPermission

PowerCLI C:\> if(!$perm){

>>     $root = Get-Folder -Name root -Server $esx.Name

>>     New-VIPermission -Entity $root -Principal $userName -Role Read-only -Serv

er $esx.Name

>> }

>>

Get-Folder : 9/19/2017 3:40:56 PM    Get-Folder        Folder with name 'root'

was not found using the specified filter(s).

At line:2 char:13

+     $root = Get-Folder -Name root -Server $esx.Name

+             ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

    + CategoryInfo          : ObjectNotFound: (:) [Get-Folder], VimException

    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : Core_OutputHelper_WriteNotFoundError,VMware.VimA

   utomation.ViCore.Cmdlets.Commands.GetFolder

New-VIPermission : Cannot validate argument on parameter 'Entity'. The

argument is null or empty. Supply an argument that is not null or empty and

then try the command again.

At line:3 char:30

+     New-VIPermission -Entity $root -Principal $userName -Role Read-only

-Server  ...

+                              ~~~~~

    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidData: (:) [New-VIPermission], ParameterBi

   ndingValidationException

    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : ParameterArgumentValidationError,VMware.V

[LucD]

The $Pswd variable hasn't been instantiated.

You should have a line with the following at the beginning (update the password).

$Pswd = 'YourAccountPassword'

[BKleiman72]

Ok that worked now how do I send it a list of Hosts from vCenter so I can add this account to all of my hosts.

[LucD]

In one of the versions of the script, it runs through all the ESXi nodes.

foreach ($esx in Get-VMHost){

But you can use any selection criteria to "get" the ESXi nodes that you want to use.

For example from a text file

foreach($esx in (Get-VMHost -Name (Get-Content -Path esx-names.txt))){

}

[BKleiman72]

Here is what I am trying and when I run it for a single machine it works but when I try and run it with the text file it seems to complete I get no errors but I also don't get the accounts.

$rootUser = 'root'

$rootPswd = '2***'

$userName = 'SOLSNMP'

$Pswd = '*****'

$esx = Get-VMHost -Name $esxName

foreach($esx in (Get-VMHost -Name (Get-Content -Path C:\ESXi_Root_Password_Reset\esxservers.txt))){

}

Connect-VIServer -Server $esx.Name -User $rootUser -Password $rootPswd > $null

Try{

    $user = Get-VMHostAccount -User $userName -Server $esx.Name -ErrorAction Stop

}

Catch{

    $user = New-VMHostAccount -Id $userName -Password $pswd -GrantShellAccess -Server $esx.Name

}

$perm = Get-VIPermission -Principal $userName -Server $esx.Name

if(!$perm){

    $root = Get-Folder -Name ha-folder-root -Server $esx.Name

    New-VIPermission -Entity $root -Principal $userName -Role readonly -Server $esx.Name

}

Disconnect-VIServer -Server $esx.Name -Confirm:$false

[LucD · Accepted solution]

Try like this.

It assumes that there is one hostname on each line in the .txt file.

$rootUser = 'root'

$rootPswd = '2***'

$userName = 'SOLSNMP'

$Pswd = '*****'

foreach($esx in (Get-VMHost -Name (Get-Content -Path C:\ESXi_Root_Password_Reset\esxservers.txt)))

{

    Connect-VIServer -Server $esx.Name -User $rootUser -Password $rootPswd > $null

    Try{

        $user = Get-VMHostAccount -User $userName -Server $esx.Name -ErrorAction Stop

    }

    Catch{

        $user = New-VMHostAccount -Id $userName -Password $pswd -GrantShellAccess -Server $esx.Name

    }

    $perm = Get-VIPermission -Principal $userName -Server $esx.Name

    if(!$perm){

        $root = Get-Folder -Name ha-folder-root -Server $esx.Name

        New-VIPermission -Entity $root -Principal $userName -Role readonly -Server $esx.Name

    }

    Disconnect-VIServer -Server $esx.Name -Confirm:$false

}

[BKleiman72]

Not sure how you have time to work on this so quickly but you are not being paid enough

Thanks this saved me a huge amount of work.

Bob K

[jjgunn]

LucD I follow you all the time especially as relates to PowerCLI & I'm using this script. Appreciate it.

Wanted to point out I received an error on vSphere 6.5 - looks like the folder path changed from vSphere 6.0 (which I'm certain you already know but wanted to help anyone having the same issue)

$root = Get-Folder -Name ha-folder-root -Server $esx.Name

For vSphere 6.5 Should be

$root = Get-Folder -Name root -Server $esx.Name

Hope this helps someone moving forward

[LucD]

Thanks for sharing that!

One way to make the above code usable across different vSphere version, is to find the name of the rootfolder dynamically.

Something like this

if(!$perm){

    $rootFolderObj = Get-View -id $global:DefaultVIServer.ExtensionData.Content.RootFolder

    $root = Get-Folder -Name $rootFolderObj.Name -Server $esx.Name

    New-VIPermission -Entity $root -Principal $userName -Role readonly -Server $esx.Name

}

[NileshAPatil]

Need to use Host from TXT file, also all Host have different admin account. So it would take admin user and password saved in the same file.

[MDRR73]

Hi Lucd

When i try to pass the value through arguments to the below script , it displays error. 

param ( $rootUser, $rootPswd,$userName,$Pswd,$esx)

Connect-VIServer -Server $esx -User $rootUser -Password $rootPswd > $null

$perm = Get-VIPermission -Principal $userName -Server $esx

if(!$perm){

$root = Get-Folder -Name ha-folder-root -Server $esx

New-VIPermission -Entity $root -Principal $userName -Role Admi -Server $esx

}

Disconnect-VIServer -Server $esx -Confirm:$false

Could you please help me

[LucD]

Which error?

[Salgado0417]

$rootFolderObj = Get-View -id $global:DefaultVIServer. ExtensionData. Content.

$root = Get-Folder -Name $rootFolderObj. Name -Server $esx. Name.

New-VIPermission -Entity $root -Principal $userName -Role readonly -Server $esx. Name.