<educated-speculation>VMware certainly has the no-how to make fusion support 4 (or more cores), but given that it is a consumer level target product, they appear to have chosen to limit it to 2 cores. I don't suspect we'll see 4 core support anytime soon .. at least not until 4 cores become common in consumer level Mac products.</educated-speculation>
Having said that, assuming you have ample memory, could you just duplicate your virtual machine and run two copies of the same VM, with each VM set to 2 cores?