Yes, Chrome can be controlled by preference files or group policies and UEM can leverage either:
Policy Templates - The Chromium Projects
Configuring Other Preferences - The Chromium Projects
Complex policies on Windows - The Chromium Projects
Most can be found in AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\User Data\Default
or C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Chrome\Application\master_preferences
As far as setting your default browser, firefox offers the command line option -setDefaultBrowser , chrome offers something similar --make-default-browser, otherwise, its probably already IE. In the case of Windows 10, you'll probably want to use a combination of DISM and GPO Export or Import Default Application Associations
