I had exactly the same issue with Xubuntu 12.04 and vmplayer 6.0.0->6.0.1.
Tried to solve this in the spare time for roughly a month, I even produced and went through the >60000 line long strace output from vmplayer when starting the upgrade until the error was throwed.
No success.
Finally I gave up. I downloaded the vmplayer 6.0.1 distribution bundle from vmware.com and installed it over the current 6.0.0.
The installation went smoothly and everything works OK now.
This is my workaround for the issue in subject, I hope it helps everybody concerned.