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7 Replies Last post: Sep 21, 2009 3:14 PM by sflanders  

NFS Best Practices regarding performance and reliability posted: Jan 15, 2009 7:02 AM

Click to view PhilippStummer's profile Novice 7 posts since
Jan 15, 2009

Hi folks,

It's quite a long time since I wrote my last post here so please excuse if these questions I have were asked (and hopefully answered) before.
I upgraded my whole Datacenter consisting of about 25 ESX Servers to ESX 3.5.2 a short time okay. As I discovered ESX 3.5.2 supports NFS-Datastores in a much better way then ESX 3.0.x did.
Currently I'm using this Datacenter-Layout:
ESX-Cluster 1
  • ESX-Server 1
        • NFS-Datastore 1
        • NFS-Datastore 2
        • NFS-Datastore 3
  • ESX-Server 2
        • NFS-Datastore 1
        • NFS-Datastore 2
        • NFS-Datastore 3
  • ESX-Server 3
        • NFS-Datastore 1
        • NFS-Datastore 2
        • NFS-Datastore 3

ESX-Cluster 2
  • ESX-Server 4
        • NFS-Datastore 1
        • NFS-Datastore 2
        • NFS-Datastore 3
  • ESX-Server 5
        • NFS-Datastore 1
        • NFS-Datastore 2
        • NFS-Datastore 3
  • ESX-Server 6
        • NFS-Datastore 1
        • NFS-Datastore 2
        • NFS-Datastore 3

The Clusters are configured for DRS and HA. Each NFS-Datastore is meant to hold the VMs associated to a single ESX-Server, although because of DRS they get mixed up very soon ;-)
Originally I implemented that seperation because of the recommendation of VM-Ware to have a new Datastore for every 20 VMs or so. Now the question arrises if this recommendation is still valid, or not? I read about a single large NFS-Datastore that holds about 200 VMs ... is that an good idea? It would definitely ease administration! The NFS-Datastores are provided by a Netapp FAS6020 connected via GBit, so there should be enough power in the "backend-system".
The second question is about the advanced options according NFS on the ESX-Server itself. Are there some tweaks I may take into consideration regarding performance and reliability (reconnection time for example)?
What about a single VLAN only for the NFS-Connection? Currently the NFS-Datastores are connected via a fault-tolerant team consisting of two NICs within a dedicated vSwitch.

I hope you can answer me some of these question, or give me some hints where to look for them.

Best regards,
Philipp

Click to view vmroyale's profile Champion vExpert 2,250 posts since
Jun 15, 2007
Hello.

The NetApp and VMware Virtual Infrastructure 3 Storage Best Practices will answer 2/3 of your questions. If possible, definitely put that NFS traffic on its own segment. The specific tuning tweaks are in the linked doc.

Good Luck!
Click to view TB Rich's profile Enthusiast 52 posts since
May 16, 2006
Hi,

Did you decide on your NFS Datastore sizing? I'm configing a NetApp 3140 and am considering volume sizing. My current thoughts on the subject are below.

Because NFS is not SCSI based locking like in FC there will be no single I/O contention point (something we stuggle with on the current MSA we have! 1.5TB LUNS 40 VMS a LUN!!), in theory it should not make any difference to the Filer if its dealing with 60 VM's in 1 volume or 60 VM's across 3 volumes. Data I/O rates will still be the same. I think this is compounded by the NetApp documentation that sates no limit to max number of VM's inside an NFS volume.
I think the only requirement to make volumes smaller on NFS is from a Snap/replication point of view. Our infrastructure will require 98% of our VM's to be replicated to our DR site so seperating VM's in volumes isn't an issue. Anything that doesn't need repl is generally a test box and I will probably store on SATA anyhow. Also, the default value for max NFS Datastores is only 8 and the option to only increase up to 32, kind of implies that lots of little ones are not needed.

To put this into context in our environment (A 2 head 3140, 2 shelves of FC disks, 1 SATA shelf);

Using a 14 disk shelf as an aggregate with 1 hot spare and dp, that equates to 2.5TB formatted storage. Our NetApp guy said you dont want to push an aggregate much beyond 85% full, so thats now 2.1TB of useable NFS space.
I'm working on an average C: size of aprx 20gb, swap size of 2gb, and currently we have 1.2TB of data drives allocated to vmdk's but only 500GB used inside the vm's (ignoring our file servers which are going CIFS on SATA).
I'm currently thinking along the lines of: 2.1TB (aggr0) - 1.5TB (esx_system01) - 150gb (esx_swap01) - 500gb (esx_data01) = as good as "0" so thats an 85% utilized aggregate for arguments sake.
With 20% Snap reserve on the system and data volumes (0% on swap) we will have 1.2TB for C:'s (so about 60 VM C:) and 400GB for data.
I think thats probably a good compromise. If I do that on each shelf we will have 6 NFS volumes to present to our 14 ESX hosts, and the potential storage for roughly 120 machines (we have 80 currently).

I think for me the question of huge volumes or not will arise when our environment expands. Having only 2 shelves and 1 active on each controller means I can't make really huge volumes right now. But, if I add another active shelf to each controller the option to double the aggr to 28 disks will be something to consider. I think the extra spindle speed may well be welcomed???

Be interesting to hear others thoughts and even setups with NFS. Just need to sus the correct setup now for seting up the ESX hosts for aggregated links so we can use 2GB.

Cheers,
Rich.

Edit: I had forgotten about ASIS. Later on we may dedupe the whole VI cluster, but I'm currently not sure on how this effects running performance of a VM. So for now I have on one of the shelves only, scaled back the (C: esx_system01) volume to 800GB and created another (esx_asis01) 400GB volume which will fit our 15-20 lower use servers. Guess the beauty of NFS is being able to shrink and grow so easily if the sizes end up being way out.

Click to view jeremypage's profile Hot Shot 183 posts since
Mar 4, 2005
I'm using a 3070A and have ~40 VMs per datastore with no ill effects.

9 1TB datastores, all ASIS enabled. 7 on 500gb SATA disks and 2 on 10k rpm FC disks, we are planning on moving to 7.3.1 this weekend (make sure you're at least at 7.2.6.1 if you are using NFS+ASIS).
Click to view sflanders's profile Hot Shot 133 posts since
Jan 7, 2009

A great article about NFS datastores was recently published and is available here: http://virtualgeek.typepad.com/virtual_geek/2009/06/a-multivendor-post-to-help-our-mutual-nfs-customers-using-vmware.html#more

In short, it is still better to have multiple datastores, especially if you are using 1G connections. This becomes less of an issue when moving to 10G connections.

A lot of different tweaks for NFS storage are available and are suggested depending on you configuration. See the link above for more details.

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