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1 2 Previous Next 21 Replies Last post: Sep 19, 2005 7:08 PM by Mike_Laverick   Go to original post

Re: What kernel is ESX based on

15. Sep 19, 2005 10:46 AM in response to: Ken.Cline
Click to view GeorgeS's profile Expert 683 posts since
Feb 19, 2004
OK, this topic has taken some interesting twists, but piqued my interest to look into it a little further. Ken got back with the most interesting answer here.

VMware co-founders Rosenblum, Bugnion and Devine were all involved in three main Stanford comp science projects named Hive, SimOS and Disco. All of these were written to work on a Stanford hardware project, the Flash multiprocessor, based on a MIPS Risc Processor.

The last Co-Founder, Wang, is recognized as providing "contributions to the development of Berkeley UNIX".

All this information is pretty much right off the VMware web page with some supplements from Stanford's CS Dept documents.

This would lead me to conclude that in order to build ESX, it wouldn't take much for the design concpets of SimOS and Disco to be rewritten for x86 architecture and may have borrowed largely from what was then the only 'relatively free' OS code that ran on x86, Berkely UNIX. The relative commonality between BSD Unix and Linux drivers probably is why ports from Linux drivers are 'relatively simpler' to execute, I don't think that it is 'trivial' however or the HCL wouldn't be quite so limited. ;)

Re: What kernel is ESX based on

16. Sep 19, 2005 11:02 AM in response to: graemer957
Click to view Mike_Laverick's profile Virtuoso 4,063 posts since
Jan 5, 2004
Hi blackd

As others have said, the core ESX kernel (vmkernel)
is proprietary in-house patent/patent-pending
technology. I think I am right in saying that they
do use linux drivers for some hardware (Qlogic driver
comes to mind).

The CoS is called VMnix and is based on an early
version of RedHat linux, seriously cut down, hardened
and tweaked to run on-top of the vmkernel. The CoS
is used to boot loader for the vmkernel.

G


I would have thought the Linux driver you might be seeing the COS driver to access the Qlogic card. VMware have to write their own drivers for their own kernel. Hence the very restrictive HCL for ESX, as they don't have the dollars that Microsoft has to support Nvidea graphics cards. :-D

I wouldn't describe the COS as cut down or hardened. There apparently alot unneccassary packages on the ESX CD which are copied across which might not be regarded as neccesaary. From a hardening point of view - whilst high security is used (which allows only SSH/SSL comms) the default settings still allow direct to login directly as root - rather login and then enforcing su - for traceablity. So, people still to this day go about disabling and modifying the COS to make it harder...

Regards
Mike Laverick
RTFM Education - VMware

ps remember 3.1.1 was just a gui front-end to DOS. I heard the vmkernel is based on text-mode version of OS/2. Its either that or based on the SCO kernel. The big question is - will they sue VMware? :-D

Re: What kernel is ESX based on

17. Sep 19, 2005 11:09 AM in response to: GeorgeS
Click to view Mike_Laverick's profile Virtuoso 4,063 posts since
Jan 5, 2004
OK, this topic has taken some interesting twists, but
piqued my interest to look into it a little further.
Ken got back with the most interesting answer here.

VMware co-founders Rosenblum, Bugnion and Devine were
all involved in three main Stanford comp science
projects named Hive, SimOS and Disco. All of these
were written to work on a Stanford hardware project,
the Flash multiprocessor, based on a MIPS Risc
Processor.

The last Co-Founder, Wang, is recognized as providing
"contributions to the development of Berkeley UNIX".

All this information is pretty much right off the
VMware web page with some supplements from Stanford's
CS Dept documents.

This would lead me to conclude that in order to build
ESX, it wouldn't take much for the design concpets of
SimOS and Disco to be rewritten for x86 architecture
and may have borrowed largely from what was then the
only 'relatively free' OS code that ran on x86,
Berkely UNIX. The relative commonality between BSD
Unix and Linux drivers probably is why ports from
Linux drivers are 'relatively simpler' to execute, I
don't think that it is 'trivial' however or the HCL
wouldn't be quite so limited. ;)


Thanks for this background. Where did you read this background come from on VMware's web-pages - can you give us a link?

Regards
Mike Laverick
RTFM Education - VMware

Re: What kernel is ESX based on

18. Sep 19, 2005 12:42 PM in response to: GeorgeS
Click to view DougBaer's profile Expert 602 posts since
Oct 20, 2004
Thanks for the info, George... probably the first bit of actual information in this thread ;)

Re: What kernel is ESX based on

19. Sep 19, 2005 12:45 PM in response to: Mike_Laverick
Click to view jan_av's profile Enthusiast 39 posts since
Nov 29, 2004
For reference, I've heard the VMKernel has a Linux compatibility layer. This allows VMware to take existing (tried and tested) Linux drivers and tweak them for the VMKernel to save them having to rewrite drivers from the bottom up.

Cheers, Jan

Re: What kernel is ESX based on

20. Sep 19, 2005 12:49 PM in response to: Mike_Laverick
Click to view GeorgeS's profile Expert 683 posts since
Feb 19, 2004
It's at the bottom of this link:

http://www.vmware.com/company/leadership.html

Re: What kernel is ESX based on

21. Sep 19, 2005 7:08 PM in response to: GeorgeS
Click to view Mike_Laverick's profile Virtuoso 4,063 posts since
Jan 5, 2004
It's at the bottom of this link:

http://www.vmware.com/company/leadership.html


Thanks George...

Armed with the co-founders names and SimOS and Disco as search strings I've been able to find some of their acedemic papers online...

Regards
Mike Laverick
RTFM Education - VMware

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